{"id":1673,"date":"2023-05-24T14:30:32","date_gmt":"2023-05-24T19:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/?p=1673"},"modified":"2023-05-24T14:59:06","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T19:59:06","slug":"los-agregados-monetarios-la-tasa-de-interes-y-la-inflacion-en-mexico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/index.php\/2023\/05\/24\/los-agregados-monetarios-la-tasa-de-interes-y-la-inflacion-en-mexico\/","title":{"rendered":"LOS AGREGADOS MONETARIOS, LA TASA DE INTERES Y LA INFLACION EN MEXICO"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1673\" class=\"elementor elementor-1673\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c1d5932 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c1d5932\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7abdd0c\" data-id=\"7abdd0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe20410 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fe20410\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1-300x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Asesor 1 Certificaci\u00f3n CFA Nivel 1\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1-410x410.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1-275x275.png 275w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Foto-Dr-Benjamin-1.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8c34a2\" data-id=\"a8c34a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2be8167 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2be8167\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><br><br><br><br><br><p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><b><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Dr. Benjam\u00edn Garc\u00eda Mart\u00ednez<\/span><\/b><span style=\"color: rgb(39, 43, 47); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), lato; font-size: 31px; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight );\"><\/span><\/p><\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-edefce7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"edefce7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8006408\" data-id=\"8006408\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4caa5c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4caa5c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Es por todos aceptado que cuando los agentes econ\u00f3micos revisan sus expectativas de inflaci\u00f3n al alza, esperan que un aumento en las tasas de inter\u00e9s por parte del Banco Central ayude a contenerla.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El aumento en la tasa de fondos federales y con ello, en la tasa de inter\u00e9s interbancaria, afectar\u00e1, en primer lugar, la demanda de las reservas bancarias. Los intermediarios financieros tomar\u00e1n menos cr\u00e9dito. En segundo lugar, en los mercados de dinero, se reducir\u00e1 la oferta monetaria y, por ende, se disminuir\u00e1 el gasto corriente de Consumo e Inversi\u00f3n, reduciendo la presi\u00f3n sobre los precios.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Sin embargo, la historia puede tener otra interpretaci\u00f3n. Cuando la inflaci\u00f3n es provocada por el lado de los costos, y el gasto de consumo e inversi\u00f3n no se reduce debido a un incremento en los ingresos y\/o trasferencias acompa\u00f1adas de un aumento en la Inversi\u00f3n P\u00fablica y privada, la inflaci\u00f3n ceder\u00e1 con el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico y la generaci\u00f3n de empleos e ingreso en la Econom\u00eda. <\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">En este contexto y con finanzas p\u00fablicas sanas, aumento en las entradas de capital por inversiones y exportaciones, se podr\u00e1 sortear mejor la especulaci\u00f3n en los mercados de materias primas y afectaci\u00f3n de las cadenas productivas mundiales.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El estudio y comprensi\u00f3n del comportamiento de los agregados monetarios, nos ayudar\u00e1 a observar que el incremento de la tasa de inter\u00e9s dom\u00e9stica es m\u00e1s un ajuste a condiciones monetarias del incremento en la tasa de inter\u00e9s e inflaci\u00f3n del mundo.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La apreciaci\u00f3n de la moneda dom\u00e9stica es consistente con este escenario, a pesar de la visi\u00f3n catastr\u00f3fica que muchos esperan, sobre el desempe\u00f1o de la Econom\u00eda mexicana.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Este trabajo nos ayuda a comprender el comportamiento de los agregados monetarios y de los intermediarios financieros en el funcionamiento de los mercados de dinero.<i><\/i><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9ee5162 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9ee5162\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53929b0\" data-id=\"53929b0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9b9e17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f9b9e17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo<\/span><\/strong><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\"> podemos medir la cantidad de dinero en la econom\u00eda mexicana?<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La Oferta Monetaria (M1)<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">:<br \/>cuentas de cheques en monedas nacional y extranjera en poder de los residentes en el pa\u00eds y los <b>dep\u00f3sitos en cuenta corriente con inter\u00e9s en moneda nacional (D) + Efectivo en manos del p\u00fablico (E)<\/b>. \u00a0\u00a0M = E + D<b><\/b><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">M2 = M1 + instrumentos monetarios a plazo en poder de residentes <\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">en moneda nacional o extranjera, tanto en instituciones bancarias como en no bancarias.<b><\/b><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">M3 = M2 + valores p\u00fablicos en poder de residentes, <\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">emitidos por el gobierno federal, por<br \/>Banco de M\u00e9xico (BREMS) y por el IPAB.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\"><strong>M4 = M3<\/strong> + instrumentos monetarios en poder de no residentes incluyendo la<br \/>captaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de agencias.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a851e1f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a851e1f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-279e6c3\" data-id=\"279e6c3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a860a44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a860a44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Gr\u00e1fico 1<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1681\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"815\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1.png 815w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-768x539.png 768w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-600x421.png 600w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-700x491.png 700w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-410x288.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-100x70.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica1-275x193.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 815px) 100vw, 815px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #808080; font-size: 14px;\">Fuente: Elaborado con datos Banco de M\u00e9xico<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bd518bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bd518bf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-83b4232\" data-id=\"83b4232\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a14b33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a14b33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El gr\u00e1fico nos muestra que tanto el M1 como la tenencia de instrumentos a plazo monetarios y valores gubernamentales (M2-M1 Y M3-M2) en manos de residentes han aumentado. <\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">A partir de 2014 se observa una disminuci\u00f3n de la tenencia de no residentes en estos instrumentos.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Tabla 1<\/span><\/p><table class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"width: 363pt; margin-left: 39.45pt; border: initial none initial;\" border=\"1\" width=\"484\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 15.0pt;\"><td style=\"width: 121pt; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1.5pt; border-color: #b4c6e7 #b4c6e7 #8eaadb; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 15pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\">\u00a0<\/td><td style=\"width: 242pt; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: #b4c6e7; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1.5pt; border-bottom-color: #8eaadb; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 15pt;\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Crecimiento Anual<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\">\u00a0<\/td><td style=\"width: 105.75pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"141\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">DIC2000-MAR2023<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 136.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"182\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">ENERO2018-MARZO2023<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">M1<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 105.75pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"141\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">11.6%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 136.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"182\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">10.0%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">M2-M1<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 105.75pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"141\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">7.1%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 136.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"182\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">6.5%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">M3-M2<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 105.75pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"141\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">12.3%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 136.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"182\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">19.6%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 15.0pt;\"><td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 15pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">M4-M3<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 105.75pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 15pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"141\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">20.4%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 136.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 15pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"182\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">-4.3%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Fuente: Elaborado con datos Banco de M\u00e9xico\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52d0438 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52d0438\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78d636a\" data-id=\"78d636a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8102690 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8102690\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Los instrumentos monetarios constituyen instrumentos de deuda, por lo que M2, M3 y M4 reflejan el nivel de ahorro de la Econom\u00eda en estos mercados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La tenencia del ahorro interno en manos de residentes en moneda nacional y extranjera ha aumentado y, sumado a la M1, muestra un importante crecimiento de los agregados monetarios en M\u00e9xico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Tabla 2<\/span><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table class=\"MsoNormalTable\" style=\"width: 351pt; border: initial none initial;\" border=\"1\" width=\"468\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 121pt; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1.5pt; border-color: #b4c6e7 #b4c6e7 #8eaadb; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 230pt; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: #b4c6e7; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1.5pt; border-bottom-color: #8eaadb; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"307\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Crecimiento Anual<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 98.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"132\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">DIC2000-MAR2023<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 131.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"175\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">ENERO2018-MARZO2023<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">M1<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 98.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"132\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">11.6%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 131.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"175\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">10.0%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 121pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"161\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">M2-M1 y M3-M2<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 98.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"132\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">8.2%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 131.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"175\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">9.5%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fuente: Elaborado con datos Banco de M\u00e9xico<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-341d0ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"341d0ac\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a50d648\" data-id=\"a50d648\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fed01b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1fed01b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Se denomina base monetaria a toda la masa de dinero legal en circulaci\u00f3n junto a las reservas bancarias disponibles en el banco central.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Puesto que un billete o moneda representan una deuda del banco central hacia nosotros, si el estado quiere generar m\u00e1s efectivo, debe respaldarlo previamente con algo. A este proceso, previo a la impresi\u00f3n, es a lo que denominamos creaci\u00f3n de base monetaria y consiste en aumentar los activos del banco central. Hay diversas formas de hacerlo:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">Aumentando la cantidad de oro y divisas que posee el banco central.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">Aumentando el n\u00famero de cr\u00e9ditos que el banco central otorga a los bancos comerciales que\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">necesitan liquidez. Existen varios tipos de inter\u00e9s dependiendo de la dificultad\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">que tenga el banco comercial para financiarse en otros mercados.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">Comprando\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">deuda p\u00fablica mediante operaciones de mercado abierto.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">Aumentando\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;\">los cr\u00e9ditos que el banco central realiza al sector p\u00fablico.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Base Monetaria. <\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Este es el agregado monetario en manos del Banco Central.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Base monetaria se define como el dinero de alto poder y consiste en el efectivo (billetes y monedas (E)) y los dep\u00f3sitos que tienen los bancos en el banco central (RE). <\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">B = E + RE<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><i><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central<\/span><\/i><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Es\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">el banco de bancos y la autoridad (junto con los Ministerios de finanzas SHCP)\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">que regula a los intermediarios. Es responsable de aplicar la pol\u00edtica\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">monetaria y la pol\u00edtica cambiaria.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Adem\u00e1s, es el agente financiero de la Hacienda P\u00fablica.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b97932c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b97932c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bc5c047\" data-id=\"bc5c047\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2996512 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2996512\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Cuadro 1<\/span><\/p><table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 50%;\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Activos<\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 50%;\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Pasivos<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 50%;\"><p>Activos dom\u00e9sticos<\/p><ul><li>Valores gubernamentales<\/li><li>Pr\u00e9stamos a intermediarios<\/li><\/ul><p>Activos extranjeros<\/p><ul><li>Reservas Internacionales<\/li><\/ul><\/td><td style=\"width: 50%;\"><ul><li>Circulante<\/li><li>Reservas de Intermediarios<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bc5a18e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bc5a18e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46761b5\" data-id=\"46761b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a1d036 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a1d036\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La Base monetaria est\u00e1 constituida por los activos dom\u00e9sticos y extranjeros en manos del Banco Central, los pasivos del Banco central, es decir, con lo que adquiere esos activos son los billetes<br \/>y monedas y los dep\u00f3sitos de los intermediarios en el Banco Central (Reservas de intermediarios).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central dispone de instrumentos de pol\u00edtica para influir sobre la cantidad de dinero y el nivel de las tasas de inter\u00e9s y ajustar la cantidad de reservas disponibles para los Bancos. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La operaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s utilizada son las Operaciones de mercado abierto: Compra y venta de valores por parte del Banco Central en el mercado de Fondos prestables. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Estas operaciones afectan directamente las Reservas de los Bancos, cambiando la Base Monetaria.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 80 %;\">\n<p>OPERACI\u00d3N DE MERCADO ABIERTO<\/p>\n<p>Las operaciones de mercado abierto (OMA) son el principal instrumento que el Banco de M\u00e9xico utiliza para administrar los excesos o faltantes en las cuentas de los bancos dentro del banco central en el corto plazo ya sea proveyendo fondos o retirando recursos. Las operaciones para inyectar recursos se hacen a trav\u00e9s de subastas de cr\u00e9dito o compra de valores en directo o en reporto, y las operaciones para retirar liquidez mediante subastas de dep\u00f3sitos o venta de valores en directo o en reporto<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32c1918 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32c1918\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d42f28\" data-id=\"7d42f28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea5ee1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea5ee1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 115%; text-align: left;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">EJEMPLO:<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central compra 100 millones de pesos en valores gubernamentales a BBVA. Suceden 2 cosas:<\/span><\/p><ol style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\" start=\"1\" type=\"1\"><li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">BBVA tiene 100 millones de pesos menos en valores y el Banco Central incrementa<br \/>su tenencia de Valores<\/span><\/li><li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central paga mediante un dep\u00f3sito al BBVA\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ol><div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 115%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0Cuadro 2<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1683 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"530\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro2.png 530w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro2-300x258.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro2-410x352.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro2-100x86.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro2-275x236.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><br \/><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurre cuando el Banco Central adquiere Activos extranjeros?<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a28084 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a28084\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b929a41\" data-id=\"b929a41\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3629632 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3629632\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">EJEMPLO:<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">BBVA recibe un dep\u00f3sito en USD de una empresa exportadora. BBVA requiere entregar pesos. El Banco Central compra la moneda extranjera y paga incrementando las Reservas del Banco en moneda dom\u00e9stica<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central compra 100 millones de USD a BBVA (consideramos un tipo de cambio 20p\/USD).<\/span><\/p><ol style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\" start=\"1\" type=\"1\"><li style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">BBVA tienes 100 millones de USD menos y el Banco Central incrementa sus activos extranjeros.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central paga mediante un dep\u00f3sito al Banco Comercial en pesos (al tipo de cambio vigente).<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 115%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0Cuadro 3<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"line-height: 115%; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1684\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"471\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-3.png 471w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-3-300x260.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-3-410x355.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-3-100x87.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-3-275x238.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f50582 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f50582\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ce220e\" data-id=\"7ce220e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1b84d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1b84d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">En ambos ejemplos el Banco Central incrementa sus Activos (dom\u00e9sticos y\/o extranjeros) y paga con moneda dom\u00e9stica a los Bancos comerciales, incrementando sus Reservas bancarias.\u00a0 Con estas reservas los Bancos comerciales realizan actividades de pr\u00e9stamo y compra de valores, como veremos, proceso que lleva a expansi\u00f3n monetaria en forma de pr\u00e9stamos y dep\u00f3sitos a trav\u00e9s de<br \/>instrumentos financieros en los mercados de dinero.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa si el Banco Central quiere limitar el impacto de la compra de activos extranjeros sobre la base monetaria y con ellos sobre la oferta monetaria?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">En ese caso, tendr\u00e1 que combinar una operaci\u00f3n de compra (venta) de activos extranjeros, con una venta (compra) simultanea de activos dom\u00e9sticos. Este mecanismo se conoce como esterilizaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00bfEsto significa que no se incrementan las reservas bancarias? No necesariamente, depende de los objetivos de Pol\u00edtica monetaria sobre el crecimiento de la base monetaria. La esterilizaci\u00f3n significa que el Banco Central, al mismo tiempo que incrementa las reservas bancarias con la compra de activos extranjeros, las disminuye con una venta de activos dom\u00e9sticos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">EJEMPLO:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central compra 100 millones de USD a BBVA (consideramos un tipo de cambio 20p\/USD). Al mismo tiempo le vende 100 millones de pesos en valores gubernamentales. Suceden 4 cosas:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">BBVA<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\" start=\"1\" type=\"1\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Tienes 100 millones de USD menos y el Banco Central incrementa sus activos<br \/>extranjeros.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central paga mediante un dep\u00f3sito al Banco Comercial en pesos (al tipo de cambio vigente)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">BBVA tiene 100 millones de pesos m\u00e1s en valores y el Banco Central disminuye su tenencia de Valores<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El Banco Central cancela reservas a BBVA<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fab89ed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fab89ed\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63579cf\" data-id=\"63579cf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-728976c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"728976c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Cuadro 4<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1685\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"516\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-4.png 516w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-4-300x292.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-4-410x399.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-4-100x97.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cuadro-4-275x268.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 516px) 100vw, 516px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-28d82e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"28d82e8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b296e8\" data-id=\"1b296e8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-017eda2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"017eda2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">En este ejemplo, la esterilizaci\u00f3n es completa, neutralizando el efecto de la compra de activos extranjeros, con una operaci\u00f3n de mercado abierto de compra de Valores (disminuyendo Activos Dom\u00e9sticos). <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">A los activos dom\u00e9sticos, tambi\u00e9n se les llama el Cr\u00e9dito Interno pues, al cambiar las reservas bancarias, los intermediarios, en funci\u00f3n de las condiciones del mercado, expanden o contraen el otorgamiento de cr\u00e9dito y la compra de valores en el conjunto de la Econom\u00eda.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d127e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3d127e0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f676dd9\" data-id=\"f676dd9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6339aed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6339aed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 ha ocurrido en M\u00e9xico en t\u00e9rminos de la base monetaria?<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Gr\u00e1fico 2<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1686\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"922\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2.png 922w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-768x477.png 768w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-600x373.png 600w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-700x435.png 700w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-410x255.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-100x62.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica2-275x171.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 922px) 100vw, 922px\" \/><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Como se observa en el gr\u00e1fico, ocurre la esterilizaci\u00f3n, pero no de manera completa, es decir, s\u00ed se ha producido un incremento de la base monetaria y con \u00e9l, un incremento en las reservas bancarias, permitiendo una expansi\u00f3n de la Oferta Monetaria (c\u00f3mo ya lo hemos mencionado).<br \/><\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Tabla 3<\/span><\/p><table class=\"MsoNormalTable\" style=\"width: 376.45pt; margin-left: 32.85pt; border: initial none initial;\" border=\"1\" width=\"502\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 134.45pt; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1.5pt; border-color: #b4c6e7 #b4c6e7 #8eaadb; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"179\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 242pt; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: #b4c6e7; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1.5pt; border-bottom-color: #8eaadb; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Crecimiento Anual<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 134.45pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"179\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 113.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"151\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">ENE2000-MAR2023<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 128.85pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"172\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">ENE2018-MARZO2023<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 134.45pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"179\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Base Monetaria<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 113.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"151\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">12.9%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 128.85pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"172\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">11.8%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 134.45pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"179\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Reservas Internacionales<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 113.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"151\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">11.3%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 128.85pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"172\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">2.4%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 14.5pt;\"><td style=\"width: 134.45pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-left-color: #b4c6e7; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"179\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Cr\u00e9dito Interno (activos<br \/>dom\u00e9sticos)<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 113.15pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"151\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">2.4%<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 128.85pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: #b4c6e7; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: #b4c6e7; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"172\"><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">-10.1%<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Fuente: Elaborado con datos Banco de M\u00e9xico<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d36fb0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d36fb0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7a06d1\" data-id=\"b7a06d1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eefe7a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eefe7a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Se observa que el crecimiento de las Reservas Internacionales mantuvo un crecimiento del 11.3% anual en el periodo 2000-2023. Sin embargo, este ritmo se ha reducido durante el sexenio, por su parte, la esterilizaci\u00f3n se ha reducido un 10%. Esto ha permitido, mantener el crecimiento promedio de la base monetaria en alrededor del 12% anual.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo interpretar este comportamiento que ha permitido un crecimiento en la base monetaria y con ello en los agregados monetarios (<i>Efectivo e instrumentos en los mercados de dinero<\/i>)?<br \/><\/span><\/b><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Las operaciones de mercado abierto pueden ser una compra (+) en cuyo caso el Banco Central incrementa sus activos e incrementa las reservas bancarias o, una venta (-), de tal manera que ahora disminuye sus activos y disminuye las reservas bancarias.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El mecanismo m\u00e1s usado para proveer financiamiento a los Bancos son las operaciones de Reporto de Valores, mientras que la esterilizaci\u00f3n se produce <i>con Valores gubernamentales, el cr\u00e9dito a bancos y los dep\u00f3sitos de regulaci\u00f3n monetaria.<\/i><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">El impacto positivo en la base monetaria implica que se ha producido un incremento en la Oferta Monetaria (M1) v\u00eda el aumento de las Reservas Bancarias y financiamiento a los intermediarios a trav\u00e9s de operaciones de reporto.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Gr\u00e1fico 3<\/span><\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1687 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"820\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3.png 820w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-768x486.png 768w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-600x380.png 600w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-700x443.png 700w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-410x260.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-100x63.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica3-275x174.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">Fuente: Elaborado con datos Banco de M\u00e9xico<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1195974 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1195974\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-250349b\" data-id=\"250349b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e66f700 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e66f700\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">En el proceso de expansi\u00f3n o contracci\u00f3n de los agregados monetarios, los intermediarios financieros juegan un papel fundamental.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Cuadro 5<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1688\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"658\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5.png 658w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5-300x90.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5-600x180.png 600w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5-410x123.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5-100x30.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro5-275x82.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 658px) 100vw, 658px\" \/><\/span><\/b><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00bfQui\u00e9nes son los intermediarios?<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;\">\u00d8<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Bancos Comerciales<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;\">\u00d8<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Instituciones de Ahorro<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;\">\u00d8<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Fondos de Inversi\u00f3n en los mercados de dinero<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La mayor parte de los ingresos de los intermediarios provienen de los fondos que reciben en dep\u00f3sitos para hacer pr\u00e9stamos y comprar valores gubernamentales con una tasa de inter\u00e9s mayor de la que paga. Es posible que los intermediarios reciban financiamiento del Banco Central, cuando este adquiere valores emitidos por ellos.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Los Bancos Comerciales, adquiere 4 tipos de activos<\/span><\/p><ol style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\" start=\"1\" type=\"1\"><li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Las RESERVAS: dep\u00f3sitos en el Banco Central y dinero en su b\u00f3veda. Le permiten enfrentar los retiros de sus depositantes y pagos a otros bancos.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Activos l\u00edquidos:\u00a0 Pr\u00e9stamos interbancarios de un d\u00eda, certificados del gobierno y comerciales. La tasa de inter\u00e9s de los pr\u00e9stamos interbancarios de un d\u00eda se llama la <b>tasa de fondos federales<\/b>, y es fijada por el Banco Central.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Bonos de gobierno o con respaldo hipotecario.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Pr\u00e9stamos a empresas y familias.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Para reducir o enfrentar los riesgos de las operaciones de los Bancos, se les obliga a mantener reservas y capital propio que iguale sus posibles p\u00e9rdidas esperadas.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ba4a021 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ba4a021\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fb84a4\" data-id=\"7fb84a4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c37cd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c37cd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Cuadro 6<\/span><\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1689\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"808\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6.png 808w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-768x404.png 768w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-600x316.png 600w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-700x368.png 700w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-410x216.png 410w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-100x53.png 100w, https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cuadro6-275x145.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 808px) 100vw, 808px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f755996 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f755996\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ee8cb58\" data-id=\"ee8cb58\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e8fa4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e8fa4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<ol>\n<li>El Banco Central compra bonos al Banco comercial, el banco comercial reduce su tenencia de bonos y aumentan en ese monto sus Reservas. El Banco Central incrementa su tenencia de bonos dom\u00e9sticos.<\/li>\n<li>Los Bancos Comerciales se prestan reservas a la tasa de fondos federales<\/li>\n<li>El Banco Comercial presta esos recursos y una parte la mantiene en Reserva<\/li>\n<li>El proceso de efectivo y nuevos dep\u00f3sitos ocurre en el sistema bancarios incrementando la oferta monetaria (efectivo y dep\u00f3sitos).<\/li>\n<li>Estas actividades de pr\u00e9stamos-dep\u00f3sitos de corto plazo, constituyen los mercados de dinero.<\/li>\n<li>El incremento de la oferta monetaria afecta las tasas de inter\u00e9s en el mercado de dinero y con ellos las decisiones de financiamiento.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">En el caso, en que el Banco Central afecte la tasa de inter\u00e9s del mercado de Reservas bancarias, deber\u00e1 ajustar la base monetaria a la demanda de reservas bancarias. Por su parte, los bancos ajustan sus tasas y afectan las decisiones de los participantes en los mercados de dinero (tenencias de instrumentos a plazo).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><i><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">ASI, LOS MERCADOS DE DINERO, JUEGAN UN PAPEL FUNDAMENTAL EN LA DETERMINACION DE LAS TASAS DE INTER\u00c9S. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><i><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">ESTAS TASAS DE INTER\u00c9S, AFECTAN LOS FLUJOS DE CORTO PLAZO Y LA TENENCIA DE INSTRUMENTOS A PLAZO EN EL CONJUNTO DE LA ECONOM\u00cdA. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">AL FIJAR EL BANCO CENTRAL UNA TASA OBJETIVO, AFECTA LAS RESERVAS BANCARIAS Y CON ELLOS LA LIQUIDEZ EN EL CONJUNTO DE ECONOM\u00cdA.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7da6ebe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7da6ebe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39592ef\" data-id=\"39592ef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03e263e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03e263e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">\u00bfContiene\ny resuelve el incremento de las tasas de inter\u00e9s las expectativas de inflaci\u00f3n\nal alza?<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Se\nanuncia un incremento en las tasas de inter\u00e9s cuando la tasa de inflaci\u00f3n corriente\ny esperada aumenta. Esto significa que se percibe a la inflaci\u00f3n no como un\nfen\u00f3meno temporal o c\u00edclico.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">La\npol\u00edtica monetaria busca, por tanto, afectar la tenencia de activos que posee y\ncon ellos los agregados monetarios y las tasas de inter\u00e9s en los mercados\nmonetarios. Por ende, las condiciones de expansi\u00f3n del cr\u00e9dito.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">La\ntasa que aumenta el Banco Central es una tasa objetivo (tasa de fondos\nfederales), que es la tasa de referencia para las tasas interbancarias (es\ndecir, a las que se negocian las reservas bancarias). Con este aumento de la\ntasa de referencia, se espera que la demanda de Reservas Bancarias y pr\u00e9stamos\na intermediarios disminuyan, encareciendo el cr\u00e9dito con su sabido efecto de\nreducci\u00f3n sobre la Demanda Agregada.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">As\u00ed\nque, todo har\u00eda suponer que se reduce la base monetaria en una pol\u00edtica monetaria\nrestrictiva. Las decisiones de tomar cr\u00e9dito disminuyen y se incrementa la\ndemanda de valores. Al tiempo que la inflaci\u00f3n disminuir\u00eda, con la reducci\u00f3n de\ngasto en algunos sectores de la actividad econ\u00f3mica.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Desgraciadamente,\nno toda la inflaci\u00f3n es producida por exceso de cr\u00e9dito, tambi\u00e9n puede ser\nprovocada por un aumento en los costos de las materias primas o, por una a\nafectaci\u00f3n en la oferta de suministros, lo que afecta las cadenas de\nproducci\u00f3n. Tambi\u00e9n por deterioro en los t\u00e9rminos de intercambio en el comercio\nexterior, que puede provocar incremento en los costos de insumos importados.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">En\nel caso de M\u00e9xico, podemos observar que aun con el incremento de la tasa de\ninter\u00e9s de referencia, se observa que la base monetaria ha aumentado en\nt\u00e9rminos reales y nominales y, por tanto, se observa el incremento en los\nagregados monetarios en M1 y M2.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Esto\nnos muestra, que la expansi\u00f3n del cr\u00e9dito no esta totalmente atada a la\npol\u00edtica monetaria, debido a que los intermediarios financieros, pueden crear\nnuevos instrumentos que facilitan la expansi\u00f3n del cr\u00e9dito y, por ende, la\ndemanda de reservas bancarias no se reduce.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a446232 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a446232\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-79164f5\" data-id=\"79164f5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5932e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc5932e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Gr\u00e1fico 4<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1690\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"573\" height=\"349\" \/><\/p>\n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-95cb1f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"95cb1f3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8eea56\" data-id=\"f8eea56\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-803886b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"803886b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">En el caso de M\u00e9xico observamos que al incremento de la tasa de inter\u00e9s de referencia no est\u00e1 asociada una disminuci\u00f3n en la base monetaria y, por el contrario, se observa el crecimiento de la base monetaria, aun en t\u00e9rminos reales que, ha crecido en lo que va del sexenio a una tasa de 7.70% anual.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Tabla 4<\/span><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table class=\"MsoNormalTable\" style=\"width: 329pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"439\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 15.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 137pt; border-width: 1pt; border-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"183\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 192pt; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: windowtext; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: black; background: #ddebf7; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" colspan=\"2\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"256\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Crecimiento Anual<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 15.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 137pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-top: none; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"183\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"126\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">2001 I-2022 IV<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 97.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"130\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">2018 I -2022 IV<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 15.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 137pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-top: none; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"183\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Base Monetaria Nominal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"126\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">13.37%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 97.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"130\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">12.63%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 15.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 137pt; border-right-width: 1pt; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-left-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-top: none; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"183\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">Base monetaria Real<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"126\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">8.00%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 97.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: windowtext; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; height: 15pt;\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"130\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-fareast-language: ES-MX;\">7.70%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fuente: Elaborado con datos INEGI<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c896e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c896e7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e96891e\" data-id=\"e96891e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acf72fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"acf72fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">A manera de conclusi\u00f3n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Es importante, hacer algunas reflexiones, pues la interpretaci\u00f3n de los fen\u00f3menos monetarios en M\u00e9xico y el mundo, no pueden ser interpretados a la luz, solamente de la teor\u00eda neocl\u00e1sica tradicional de la relaci\u00f3n entre las tasas de inter\u00e9s y el nivel de inflaci\u00f3n esperada por los participantes del mercado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">A pesar del incremento en la tasa de inter\u00e9s en Mexico, hay un crecimiento sostenido de la base monetaria (nominal y real), apoyado en, a) el incremento de las reservas internacionales, b) la disminuci\u00f3n en las operaciones de esterilizaci\u00f3n y, c) en la expansi\u00f3n del financiamiento v\u00eda operaciones de reporto con los intermediarios financieros.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Las expectativas de crecimiento econ\u00f3mico mantienen la Demanda Agregada, lo que hace que la demanda de saldo monetarios aumente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Pareciera, en este contexto, que el incremento de la tasa de inter\u00e9s de referencia solo busca mantener una posici\u00f3n neutral ante el incremento de la tasa de inter\u00e9s de EU. Sin que esto provoque el impacto en la reducci\u00f3n de los agregados monetarios. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Como se muestra en el siguiente gr\u00e1fico, la diferencia entre las tasas de inter\u00e9s de corto plazo (90 d\u00edas) de CETES y T-BILL, se mantiene en promedio en 630 puntos base.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-982865f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"982865f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"selectable-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">\u00a0\u00a0 Gr\u00e1fico 5<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1691\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grafica5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"655\" height=\"518\" \/><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d579a29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d579a29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"selectable-text\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">La Pol\u00edtica Monetaria convencional de la relaci\u00f3n entre inflaci\u00f3n, tasas de inter\u00e9s y crecimiento econ\u00f3mico no ha sido suficiente para salir de la crisis del sistema financiero desde 2008.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"selectable-text\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Las pol\u00edticas no convencionales, que act\u00faan sobre la curva de tasas (no solo la tasa overnight que ya eran cero o negativas), han venido acompa\u00f1adas de una expansi\u00f3n monetaria y de grandes d\u00e9ficits fiscales en el mundo desarrollado. Los niveles de endeudamiento han alcanzo altos niveles, con el riesgo que conlleva sobre el sistema financiero las variaciones de tasas de inter\u00e9s en un contexto de inflaci\u00f3n y recesi\u00f3n en sus econom\u00edas.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Benjam\u00edn Garc\u00eda Mart\u00ednez Es por todos aceptado que cuando los agentes econ\u00f3micos revisan sus expectativas de inflaci\u00f3n al alza, esperan que un aumento en las tasas de inter\u00e9s por parte del Banco Central ayude a contenerla. El aumento en la tasa de fondos federales y con ello, en la tasa de inter\u00e9s interbancaria, afectar\u00e1, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1699,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[8,1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ImgPrincipal2-e1684958319374.jpg","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>LOS AGREGADOS MONETARIOS, LA TASA DE INTERES Y LA INFLACION EN MEXICO - Publicaciones B&amp;G<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Producci\u00f3n de articulos y ensayos B&amp;G.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.blog.business-and-growth.com\/index.php\/2023\/05\/24\/los-agregados-monetarios-la-tasa-de-interes-y-la-inflacion-en-mexico\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LOS AGREGADOS MONETARIOS, LA TASA DE INTERES Y LA INFLACION EN MEXICO - 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